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Mount Etna (; (イタリア語:Etna) (:ˈɛtna), or ''â Muntagna'', (ラテン語:Aetna)) is an active stratovolcano on the east coast of Sicily, Italy, in the Province of Catania, between Messina and Catania. It lies above the convergent plate margin between the African Plate and the Eurasian Plate. It is the tallest active volcano on the European continent, currently high, though this varies with summit eruptions. It is the highest mountain in Italy south of the Alps. Etna covers an area of with a basal circumference of 140 km. This makes it by far the largest of the three active volcanoes in Italy, being about two and a half times the height of the next largest, Mount Vesuvius. Only Mount Teide in Tenerife surpasses it in the whole of the European–North-African region.〔(【引用サイトリンク】title=Italy volcanoes and Volcanics )〕 In Greek Mythology, the deadly monster Typhon was trapped under this mountain by Zeus, the god of the sky and thunder and king of gods, and the forges of Hephaestus were said to also be located underneath it.〔Aelian, ''Hist. An.'' xi. 3, referenced under (Aetnaeus ) in William Smith's Dictionary of Greek and Roman Biography and Mythology〕 Mount Etna is one of the most active volcanoes in the world and is in an almost constant state of activity. The fertile volcanic soils support extensive agriculture, with vineyards and orchards spread across the lower slopes of the mountain and the broad Plain of Catania to the south. Due to its history of recent activity and nearby population, Mount Etna has been designated a Decade Volcano by the United Nations.〔(【引用サイトリンク】title=Decade Volcanoes )〕 In June 2013, it was added to the list of UNESCO World Heritage Sites. ==Etymology== According to Adrian Room’s book ''Place-names of the World'', the name Etna originated from the Phoenician word ' meaning "furnace" or "chimney". He dismisses the hypothesis that Etna is from the Greek ''αἴθω'' (''aithō'') - meaning "I burn" - through an iotacist pronunciation. In Classical Greek, it is called '' (Aítnē)'',〔(【引用サイトリンク】title=Woodhouse's English-Greek Dictionary Page Image )〕 a name given also to Catania and the city originally known as Inessa, and in Latin it is called ''Aetna''. In Arabic, it was called ' (the Mountain of Fire). It is also known as ''Mungibeddu'' in Sicilian and ''Mongibello'' or ''Montebello'' in Italian (An Italian corrupted word literally meaning ''Monte'' mountain and ''Bello'' meaning beautiful, but is actually thought to be from the Latin ''mons'' and the Arabic ', both meaning mountain, producing a tautological place name, "mountain mountain"). The term is not in common use today, although some older people still call it this. According to another hypothesis the term ''Mongibello'' comes from the Latin ''Mulciber'' (''qui ignem mulcet'', ''who placates the fire''), one of the Latin names of the god Vulcan. The people of the Etna sometimes use the jargon term '' Nowadays, the term ''Mongibello'' indicates the mountain's top area of the two central craters encompassing also the craters in the southeast and the northeast of the volcanic cone. 抄文引用元・出典: フリー百科事典『 ウィキペディア（Wikipedia）』 ■ウィキペディアで「Mount Etna」の詳細全文を読む スポンサード リンク
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